Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between liver function, hepatitis B virus serum markers, serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels, and hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV-DNA) load in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods A total of 106 patients with CHB admitted to our hospital from April 2022 to April 2025 were enrolled. Based on serum HBV-DNA load, they were divided into a high viral load group (HBV-DNA≥2×10⁴ IU/ml, 60 cases) and a low viral load group (HBV-DNA<2×10⁴ IU/ml, 46 cases). Liver function indicators, hepatitis B virus serum markers (hepatitis B e antigen[HBeAg], hepatitis B e antibody[anti-HBe], etc.), and serum TGF-β1 levels were measured in both groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the associations between serum indicators and HBV-DNA load. Results Compared with the low viral load group, the high viral load group had significantly higher serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), and total bilirubin(TBIL) levels (P<0.05). The positivity rate of HBeAg was higher, whereas the positivity rate of anti-HBe was lower in the high viral load group (P<0.05). The high viral load group also showed higher serum TGF-β1 levels and higher quantitative levels of HBeAg and anti-HBe than the low viral load group (P<0.05). In patients with CHB, HBV-DNA load was positively correlated with HBeAg, ALT, TGF-β1, and AST, and negatively correlated with anti-HBe(P<0.05). Conclusion Liver function, serum TGF-β1, and hepatitis B virus serum marker levels are correlated with HBV-DNA load in patients with CHB. These indicators may serve as auxiliary references for assessing HBV-DNA load in combination with other clinical information.

Key words: chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus serum markers, transforming growth factor-β1, liver function, hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid, viral load