临床荟萃 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 602-607.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2025.07.004

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2024-2025年成都某医院急性呼吸道感染主要病原体的流行病学特征

范佳鑫(), 夏汝杰, 周晓梅, 胡春晓   

  1. 成都市第二人民医院 检验科,四川 成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-24 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-17
  • 通讯作者: 范佳鑫 E-mail:453816058@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    成都市医学科研课题——新型分子标志物Lnc PCA3调节前列腺癌的代谢重编程和细胞周期的机制及其临床应用价值研究(2022185)

Epidemiological characteristics of the main pathogens causing acute respiratory infections in a hospital in Chengdu from 2024 to 2025

Fan Jiaxin(), Xia Rujie, Zhou Xiaomei, Hu Chunxiao   

  1. Department of Laboratary Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2025-03-24 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-17
  • Contact: Fan Jiaxin E-mail:453816058@qq.com

摘要:

目的 阐明成都地区呼吸道病原体的分布特征,通过系统的流行病学分析,为区域化精准防控和临床决策提供科学依据。方法 收集2024年2月-2025年1月成都市第二人民医院,共计6795例符合呼吸道感染诊断标准的病例,运用多重实时荧光定量PCR技术,精准检测6种常见呼吸道病原体,包括腺病毒(adenovirus,ADV)、甲型流感病毒(influenzavirusA,FluA)、乙型流感病毒(influenzavirusB,FluB)、鼻病毒(humanrhinovirus,HRV)、肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumonia,MP)和呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytialvirus,RSV)。结果 病原体总检出率为50.58%,其中单一病原体感染占44.06%,多重感染占6.52%。单一感染中HRV检出率最高(17.29%),其次为肺炎支原体(13.89%)和腺病毒(12.91%);双重感染中ADV合并HRV为优势感染类型。HRV是唯一检出率存在性别差异的病原体(男性高于女性,P<0.01)。不同年龄和季节的病原体检出率存在差异,1~18岁组总检出率最高,且各病原体呈现季节性“错峰爆发”趋势。结论 成都地区呼吸道感染以单一病原体感染为主,HRV为主要流行病原体,且不同病原体的流行特征与年龄和季节密切相关。

关键词: 呼吸道病原体, 急性呼吸道感染, 流行病学特征

Abstract:

Objective To elucidate the distribution characteristics of respiratory pathogens in Chengdu City, and to provide a scientific basis for targeted regional prevention and clinical decision-making through systematic epidemiological analysis. Methods A total of 6, 795 cases meeting the diagnostic criteria for respiratory infections were collected from Chengdu Second People's Hospital between February 2024 and January 2025. Multiplex real-time quantitative PCR was employed to accurately detect six common respiratory pathogens: adenovirus (ADV), influenza A virus (FluA), influenza B virus (FluB), human rhinovirus (HRV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Results The overall pathogen detection rate was 50.58%, with single-pathogen infections accounting for 44.06% and co-infections for 6.52%. Among single infections, HRV (17.29%) had the highest detection rate, followed by MP (13.89%) and ADV (12.91%). In co-infections, ADV combined with HRV was the predominant type. HRV was the only pathogen with a significant gender difference in the detection rate, showing a significantly higher detection rate in males than females (P<0.01). Detection rates varied by age and season, with the highest overall rate observed in the 1-18 age group. Pathogens exhibited seasonal “staggered peak” trends. Conclusion Respiratory infections in Chengdu are predominantly caused by single pathogens, with HRV being the most prevalent. The epidemiological characteristics of different pathogens are closely associated with age and season.

Key words: respiratory pathogens, acute respiratory infections, epidemiological characteristics

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