Clinical Focus ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1068-1072.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2025.12.002
Previous Articles Next Articles
Ma Weifenga, Yu Chunyanb, Ran Qiana, Li Shuaiqic, Fan Chongguia(
)
Received:2025-11-14
Online:2025-12-20
Published:2025-12-30
Contact:
Fan Chonggui,Email:fcg25812@126.com
CLC Number:
Ma Weifeng, Yu Chunyan, Ran Qian, Li Shuaiqi, Fan Chonggui. Application values of PIV and CD93 in the differential diagnosis of viral encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis[J]. Clinical Focus, 2025, 40(12): 1068-1072.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.lchc.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2025.12.002
| 组别 | 例数 | 年龄 | 性别[例(%)] | 发病形式[例(%)] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男 | 女 | 急性 | 亚急性 | 慢性 | |||||||||||
| VE组 | 74 | 36.84±8.23 | 39(52.70) | 35(47.30) | 57(77.03) | 16(21.62) | 1(1.35) | ||||||||
| AE组 | 86 | 37.18±8.49 | 48(55.81) | 38(44.19) | 16(21.62) | 29(33.72) | 15(17.44) | ||||||||
| t/χ2值 | 0.256 | 0.155 | 17.477 | ||||||||||||
| P值 | 0.798 | 0.694 | <0.01 | ||||||||||||
| 组别 | 发生半球[例(%)] | 前驱症状[例(%)] | 精神行为异常[例(%)] | 认知功能障碍[例(%)] | |||||||||||
| 单侧 | 双侧 | 有 | 无 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | ||||||||
| VE组 | 45(60.81) | 29(39.19) | 68(91.89) | 6(8.11) | 34(45.95) | 40(54.05) | 31(41.89) | 43(58.11) | |||||||
| AE组 | 23(26.74) | 63(73.26) | 38(44.19) | 48(55.81) | 46(53.49) | 40(46.51) | 45(52.33) | 41(47.67) | |||||||
| χ2值 | 18.889 | 40.485 | 0.905 | 1.736 | |||||||||||
| P值 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.341 | 0.188 | |||||||||||
| 组别 | 意识障碍[例(%)] | 运动障碍[例(%)] | 癫痫发作[例(%)] | 影像学累及颞叶[例(%)] | |||||||||||
| 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | ||||||||
| VE组 | 39(52.70) | 35(47.30) | 26(35.14) | 48(64.86) | 39(52.70) | 35(47.30) | 35(47.30) | 39(52.70) | |||||||
| AE组 | 33(38.37) | 53(61.63) | 34(39.53) | 52(60.47) | 52(60.47) | 34(39.53) | 12(13.95) | 74(86.05) | |||||||
| χ2值 | 3.300 | 0.329 | 0.977 | 21.316 | |||||||||||
| P值 | 0.069 | 0.567 | 0.323 | <0.01 | |||||||||||
Tab.1 Comparison of clinical information and clinical signs between the two groups
| 组别 | 例数 | 年龄 | 性别[例(%)] | 发病形式[例(%)] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男 | 女 | 急性 | 亚急性 | 慢性 | |||||||||||
| VE组 | 74 | 36.84±8.23 | 39(52.70) | 35(47.30) | 57(77.03) | 16(21.62) | 1(1.35) | ||||||||
| AE组 | 86 | 37.18±8.49 | 48(55.81) | 38(44.19) | 16(21.62) | 29(33.72) | 15(17.44) | ||||||||
| t/χ2值 | 0.256 | 0.155 | 17.477 | ||||||||||||
| P值 | 0.798 | 0.694 | <0.01 | ||||||||||||
| 组别 | 发生半球[例(%)] | 前驱症状[例(%)] | 精神行为异常[例(%)] | 认知功能障碍[例(%)] | |||||||||||
| 单侧 | 双侧 | 有 | 无 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | ||||||||
| VE组 | 45(60.81) | 29(39.19) | 68(91.89) | 6(8.11) | 34(45.95) | 40(54.05) | 31(41.89) | 43(58.11) | |||||||
| AE组 | 23(26.74) | 63(73.26) | 38(44.19) | 48(55.81) | 46(53.49) | 40(46.51) | 45(52.33) | 41(47.67) | |||||||
| χ2值 | 18.889 | 40.485 | 0.905 | 1.736 | |||||||||||
| P值 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.341 | 0.188 | |||||||||||
| 组别 | 意识障碍[例(%)] | 运动障碍[例(%)] | 癫痫发作[例(%)] | 影像学累及颞叶[例(%)] | |||||||||||
| 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 否 | ||||||||
| VE组 | 39(52.70) | 35(47.30) | 26(35.14) | 48(64.86) | 39(52.70) | 35(47.30) | 35(47.30) | 39(52.70) | |||||||
| AE组 | 33(38.37) | 53(61.63) | 34(39.53) | 52(60.47) | 52(60.47) | 34(39.53) | 12(13.95) | 74(86.05) | |||||||
| χ2值 | 3.300 | 0.329 | 0.977 | 21.316 | |||||||||||
| P值 | 0.069 | 0.567 | 0.323 | <0.01 | |||||||||||
| 组别 | 例数 | 血清CD93 (μg/L) | NE# (109/L) | MO# (109/L) | PLT (109/L) | LY# (109/L) | PIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VE组 | 74 | 128.55±35.32 | 7.62±1.16 | 0.69±0.11 | 228.65±20.36 | 1.27±0.16 | 946.61±200.36 |
| AE组 | 86 | 159.98±42.65 | 5.77±1.01 | 0.58±0.10 | 229.54±18.76 | 1.48±0.23 | 519.04±100.23 |
| t值 | 13.314 | 10.784 | 6.624 | 0.288 | 6.598 | 17.424 | |
| P值 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.774 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Tab.2 Comparison of blood indicators between the two groups
| 组别 | 例数 | 血清CD93 (μg/L) | NE# (109/L) | MO# (109/L) | PLT (109/L) | LY# (109/L) | PIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VE组 | 74 | 128.55±35.32 | 7.62±1.16 | 0.69±0.11 | 228.65±20.36 | 1.27±0.16 | 946.61±200.36 |
| AE组 | 86 | 159.98±42.65 | 5.77±1.01 | 0.58±0.10 | 229.54±18.76 | 1.48±0.23 | 519.04±100.23 |
| t值 | 13.314 | 10.784 | 6.624 | 0.288 | 6.598 | 17.424 | |
| P值 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.774 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| 指标 | 回归系数 | 标准误 | Wald χ2值 | P值 | OR值 | 95%CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 下限 | 上限 | ||||||
| 发病形式 | 1.020 | 0.356 | 8.209 | 0.004 | 2.773 | 1.380 | 5.572 |
| 发生半球 | 0.879 | 0.652 | 1.818 | 0.178 | 2.408 | 0.671 | 8.644 |
| 前驱症状 | 1.132 | 0.459 | 6.082 | 0.014 | 3.102 | 1.262 | 7.627 |
| 影像学累及颞叶 | 0.544 | 0.343 | 2.515 | 0.113 | 1.723 | 0.880 | 3.375 |
| 血清CD93 | 0.746 | 0.229 | 10.612 | 0.001 | 2.109 | 1.346 | 3.303 |
| PIV | -1.452 | 0.465 | 9.751 | 0.002 | 0.234 | 0.094 | 0.582 |
Tab.3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors in the differential diagnosis of VE and AE
| 指标 | 回归系数 | 标准误 | Wald χ2值 | P值 | OR值 | 95%CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 下限 | 上限 | ||||||
| 发病形式 | 1.020 | 0.356 | 8.209 | 0.004 | 2.773 | 1.380 | 5.572 |
| 发生半球 | 0.879 | 0.652 | 1.818 | 0.178 | 2.408 | 0.671 | 8.644 |
| 前驱症状 | 1.132 | 0.459 | 6.082 | 0.014 | 3.102 | 1.262 | 7.627 |
| 影像学累及颞叶 | 0.544 | 0.343 | 2.515 | 0.113 | 1.723 | 0.880 | 3.375 |
| 血清CD93 | 0.746 | 0.229 | 10.612 | 0.001 | 2.109 | 1.346 | 3.303 |
| PIV | -1.452 | 0.465 | 9.751 | 0.002 | 0.234 | 0.094 | 0.582 |
| 指标 | AUC值 | 标准误 | P值 | 95%CI | 敏感度 | 特异度 | 约登指数 | 界值 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 下限 | 上限 | ||||||||
| 血清CD93(μg/L) | 0.936 | 0.020 | <0.01 | 0.905 | 0.973 | 85.29% | 90.27% | 0.540 | 138.990 |
| PIV | 0.689 | 0.030 | 0.012 | 0.550 | 0.795 | 75.00% | 54.00% | 0.300 | 854.620 |
| 血清CD93与PIV联合 | 0.976 | 0.013 | <0.01 | 0.928 | 0.990 | 95.00% | 88.00% | 0.680 | / |
Tab.4 Diagnostic value of various factors influencing the differential diagnosis of VE and AE
| 指标 | AUC值 | 标准误 | P值 | 95%CI | 敏感度 | 特异度 | 约登指数 | 界值 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 下限 | 上限 | ||||||||
| 血清CD93(μg/L) | 0.936 | 0.020 | <0.01 | 0.905 | 0.973 | 85.29% | 90.27% | 0.540 | 138.990 |
| PIV | 0.689 | 0.030 | 0.012 | 0.550 | 0.795 | 75.00% | 54.00% | 0.300 | 854.620 |
| 血清CD93与PIV联合 | 0.976 | 0.013 | <0.01 | 0.928 | 0.990 | 95.00% | 88.00% | 0.680 | / |
| [1] | 王蜀平, 张文, 王溦雅, 等. 外周血淋巴细胞亚群和细胞因子在鉴别儿童病毒性脑炎与自身免疫性脑炎中的价值[J]. 检验医学, 2025, 40(3):223-229. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.03.004. |
| [2] | Song W, Li K, Li J, et al. Thymoma‐associated autoimmune encephalitis: Analysis of factors determining prognosis[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, Wiley-Blackwell, 2023, 29(5):1213-1221.doi:10.1111/cns.14166. |
| [3] | Liang C, Chu E, Kuoy E, et al. Autoimmune-mediated encephalitis and mimics: A neuroimaging review[J]. J Neuroimaging, 2023, 33(1): 19-34.doi:10.1111/jon.13060. |
| [4] | 王冬至, 郑光辉, 邵春青, 等. 脑脊液指标在自身免疫性脑炎和病毒性脑炎鉴别诊断中的价值[J]. 标记免疫分析与临床, 2023, 30(2):186-190, 222. doi:10.11748/bjmy.issn.1006-1703.2023.02.002. |
| [5] | 丁满秋. 病毒性脑炎与自身免疫性脑炎临床特征对比及PrPC在两者鉴别诊断中的应用初探[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2022. |
| [6] | 谢朋昌, 侯经远, 钟志雄. 泛免疫炎症值在心血管疾病中的研究进展[J]. 心血管病学进展, 2025, 46(4):341-345. doi:10.16806/j.cnki.issn.1004-3934.2025.04.013. |
| [7] | 王贺, 周炜, 朱峰. 泛免疫炎症值的应用进展[J]. 中国病理生理杂志, 2025, 41(5):1030-1035. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2025.00.010. |
| [8] |
Su C, Han Y, Qu B, et al. CD93 in macrophages: A novel target for atherosclerotic plaque imaging?[J]. J Cell Mol Med, 2022, 26(8):2152-2162.doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17237. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
pmid: 35166040 |
| [9] | Cellucci T, Van Mater H, Graus F, et al. Clinical approach to the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis in the pediatric patient[J]. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2020, 7(2):e663.doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000730. |
| [10] | 梁艳琴. 泛免疫炎症值在鉴别自身免疫性脑炎与病毒性脑炎的临床价值研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2024. |
| [11] | 关鸿志. 病毒性脑炎的诊治[J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2022, 55(7):747-754. doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20220308-00175. |
| [12] | 中华医学会神经病学分会神经感染性疾病与脑脊液细胞学学组. 中国自身免疫性脑炎诊治专家共识(2022年版)[J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2022, 55(9):931-949. doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20220219-00118. |
| [13] | 王悦, 白书维, 张焱, 等. 自身免疫性脑炎18F-FDG PET/MR表现的初步研究[J]. 磁共振成像, 2024, 15(7):15-20. doi:10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2024.07.003. |
| [14] | 范铿娜. 自身免疫性脑炎与病毒性脑炎临床特征分析及鉴别诊断标志物初探[D]. 福州: 福建医科大学, 2021. |
| [15] | 杨素格. 自身免疫性脑炎与病毒性脑炎临床特征和脑脊液B细胞受体库特征的研究[D]. 济南: 山东大学, 2024. |
| [16] |
Wright WF, Pinto CN, Palisoc K, et al. Viral (aseptic) meningitis: A review[J]. J Neurol Sci, 2019, 398: 176-183. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.050.
pmid: 30731305 |
| [17] |
Dalmau J, Geis C, Graus F. Autoantibodies to synaptic receptors and neuronal cell surface proteins in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system[J]. Physiol Rev, 2017, 97(2): 839-887.doi: 10.1152/physrev.00010.2016.
pmid: 28298428 |
| [18] | 吕爱红, 王红兵, 徐方, 等. CRP/Alb、泛免疫炎症值对PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者预后的评估价值[J]. 医学研究杂志, 2023, 52(12):166-171. doi:10.11969/j.issn.1673-548X.2023.12.033. |
| [19] | 宋婕, 王祎琳, 褚佳琪. 病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液和血清中SIL-2R、eNOS、CD93水平与疾病进展及预后的关系[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2024, 26(10):1072-1077. doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2405043. |
| [20] | 申慧君. 病毒性脑炎患者脑脊液中细胞因子的表达及临床意义分析[D]. 太原: 山西医科大学, 2023. |
| [21] |
Nativel B, Ramin-Mangata S, Mevizou R, et al. CD93 is a cell surface lectin receptor involved in the control of the inflammatory response stimulated by exogenous DNA[J]. Immunology, 2019, 158(2): 85-93.doi: 10.1111/imm.13100.
pmid: 31335975 |
| [22] | 耿一凡, 吴萌, 江波, 等. PIV、NLR、PLR、MLR对晚期非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗近期疗效和预后的评估价值[J]. 现代生物医学进展, 2023, 23(1):163-167. doi:10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2023.01.032. |
| [23] | Huang XX, Zhang S, Yan LL, et al. Influential factors and predictors of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor encephalitis associated with severity at admission[J]. Neurol Sci, 2021, 42(9): 3835-3841.doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05060-1. |
| [1] | Li Ying, Cao Tingting, Wang Cuicui, Li Yanxia, Yang Dongliang. Causal relationship between virus infection characterized by skin and mucosal lesions and dermatomyositis based on Mendelian randomization [J]. Clinical Focus, 2025, 40(9): 811-815. |
| [2] | Kong Fancong, Wang Fangyu, Fan Kai, Liu Gengxi, Zhao Lianjiang, Liu Fei. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis during the remission of optic neuritis: A case report and literature review [J]. Clinical Focus, 2025, 40(5): 450-453. |
| [3] | Li Zhongbiao, Zhao Xihao, Du Min, Wang Jiang, Yu Yue, Zhang Dianliang. Intraluminal primary extra-ovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma: A case report and literature review [J]. Clinical Focus, 2025, 40(3): 257-261. |
| [4] | Wu Wanfeng, Wang Yunyun, Yang Daokun. Comparative study on the clinical efficacy of different antiviral drugs in the treatment of COVID-19 [J]. Clinical Focus, 2025, 40(2): 147-152. |
| [5] | Dong Siyu, Sun Mei, Tian Yufei, Cheng Hong, He Chuan. Delayed encephalitis after embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations: A case report and literature review [J]. Clinical Focus, 2023, 38(2): 170-174. |
| [6] | Hu Wencong, Liu Xiuzhen. Two cases of children's anti-MOG antibodies combined with anti-NMDAR antibody double positive autoimmune encephalitis and literature review [J]. Clinical Focus, 2022, 37(8): 733-737. |
| [7] | Yao Huajun, Zhou Jun, Yin Xue, Zhang Haie, Zhang Haiyan. Analysis on congenital cytomegalovirus infection rate and risk factors of high viral load of high-risk newborns in Xiaogan City Single Center [J]. Clinical Focus, 2022, 37(6): 530-533. |
| [8] | Wang Xiaoqin, Zhou Youfeng, Lin Binrong. Exploring factors influencing adverse prognosis in children with acute encephalitis/ encephalopathy [J]. Clinical Focus, 2022, 37(11): 1017-1020. |
| [9] | Deng Kaibin, Han Liang, Niu Shaoqian, Wang Haiyan, Wang Yanbo, Fu Yang, Wang Qing, Zhan Yang, Fu Xianghua. Effect of optimized treatment approach on acute STEMI patients under the situation of prevention and control of COVID-19 [J]. Clinical Focus, 2021, 36(7): 595-599. |
| [10] | Tang Yingchao1, Li Xiaojia2, Zeng Quantao2, Ran Ningjing1, Xiao Wen1, Yang Dongdong1, Yang Xuhong1. One case of antiAMPAR encephalitis combined with myasthenia gravis and literature review [J]. Clinical Focus, 2020, 35(7): 639-642. |
| [11] | Chen Yantian, Guo Yihua, Su Xuetang. Personal prevention and control of outbreaks of corona virus disease 2019 [J]. Clinical Focus, 2020, 35(2): 101-105. |
| [12] | Zou Yuyan1, Feng Pingyong2, Liang Kangning3, Wang Lidong4, Tian Ronghua1, Deng Lanting1. Analysis of CT imaging characteristics of 64 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia [J]. Clinical Focus, 2020, 35(10): 880-884. |
| [13] | Sun Mei1, Hou Xiaoxia2, Jin Shanquan1, Shen Feifei1, Cheng Hong1. LGI1 antibodyrelated limbic encephalitis: a case report and literature review [J]. Clinical Focus, 2019, 34(3): 273-275. |
| [14] | Wang Yankun1, Ma Junji2, Zhang Ming2. Role of cytokeratin 7 in pathological diagnosis of liver cirrhosis [J]. Clinical Focus, 2019, 34(2): 124-127. |
| [15] | Xu Manman1, Cheng Kailiang2, Qiu Qian3, Zhao Xinyu2, Duan Zhongping1, Wang Li2, Chen Yu1. Factors associated with adherence to antiviral therapy in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis [J]. Clinical Focus, 2018, 33(11): 950-955. |
| Viewed | ||||||
|
Full text |
|
|||||
|
Abstract |
|
|||||