Epidemiological characteristics of respiratory infection pathogens at a tertiary hospital in Tianjin，2024-2025

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2025.12.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To characterize the epidemiology of six common respiratory pathogens-influenza A virus （IFV-A），influenza B virus （IFV-B），respiratory syncytial virus （RSV），adenovirus （ADV），Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP），and human rhinovirus （HRV）-and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 （SARS-CoV-2） among patients presenting to a tertiary hospital in Tianjin from April 2024 to March 2025. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from outpatients and inpatients at Tianjin First Central Hospital who presented from April 2024 to March 2025 with symptoms of acute respiratory infection （fever，cough，nasal congestion，expectoration，sneezing，sore throat，dyspnea，etc.） or who had radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Nucleic acid was extracted from all specimens； detection of the six common respiratory pathogens was performed using a multiplex nucleic acid assay，and SARS-CoV-2 testing was conducted using an approved SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test kit. Results For the six pathogen panel，6，399 specimens were tested and 2，009 were positive （overall positivity 31.40%）. Pathogen-specific positivity rates were： IFV-A 8.28%，IFV-B 0.03%，RSV 1.06%，ADV 2.77%，MP 13.46%，and HRV 5.80%. By sex，overall positivity was 30.50% in males and 32.42% in females （χ²=2.707，P=0.100）. By age group，positivity was 61.93% in children，25.09% in young and middle-aged adults，and 18.90% in older adults （χ²=901.013，P<0.01）. Seasonal distribution showed positivity rates of 21.74% in spring，24.11% in summer，36.59% in autumn，and 39.04% in winter （χ²=171.520，P<0.01）. For SARS-CoV-2，12，554 specimens were tested and 2，304 were positive （overall positivity 18.35%）. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was 18.01% in males and 18.77% in females （χ²=1.203，P=0.273）. By age group，rates were 15.23% in children，16.36% in young and middle aged adults，and 19.75% in older adults （χ²=24.732，P<0.01）. Seasonal SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates were 16.94% in spring，23.08% in summer，20.54% in autumn，and 13.28% in winter （χ²=112.159，P<0.01）. Conclusion From April 2024 to March 2025，respiratory pathogen detection among patients with respiratory infections in Tianjin demonstrated distinct age related and seasonal patterns. These findings support the adoption of targeted prevention and treatment measures that account for population characteristics and seasonal trends.

Key words: respiratory tract infections, Tianjin, pathogen, epidemiology

CLC Number:

R517.6

Yue Yingying, Wang Meng, Zhou Chunlei, Mu Hong. Epidemiological characteristics of respiratory infection pathogens at a tertiary hospital in Tianjin，2024-2025[J]. Clinical Focus, 2025, 40(12): 1087-1092.

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URL: https://www.lchc.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2025.12.006

https://www.lchc.cn/EN/Y2025/V40/I12/1087

Figures/Tables 7

References 13

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组别	例数	IFV-A	IFV-B	RSV	ADV	MP	HRV	总计
男性组	3 416	292（8.55）	1（0.03）	44（1.29）	95（2.78）	399（11.68）	211（6.18）	1 042
女性组	2 983	238（7.98）	1（0.03）	24（0.80）	82（2.75）	462（15.49）	160（5.36）	967
χ²值		0.680	0.009	3.541	3.541	19.824	1.928	2.707
P值		0.410	0.924	0.060	0.060	<0.01	0.165	0.100

组别	例数	IFV-A	IFV-B	RSV	ADV	MP	HRV	总计
男性组	3 416	292（8.55）	1（0.03）	44（1.29）	95（2.78）	399（11.68）	211（6.18）	1 042
女性组	2 983	238（7.98）	1（0.03）	24（0.80）	82（2.75）	462（15.49）	160（5.36）	967
χ²值		0.680	0.009	3.541	3.541	19.824	1.928	2.707
P值		0.410	0.924	0.060	0.060	<0.01	0.165	0.100

组别	例数	IFV-A	IFV-B	RSV	ADV	MP	HRV	总计
儿童组	1 542	63（4.09）	1（0.06）	32（2.08）	120（7.78）	607（39.36）	132（8.56）	955
中青年组	2 200	163（7.41）	1（0.05）	23（1.05）	42（1.91）	189（8.59）	134（6.09）	552
老年组	2 657	304（11.44）	0	13（0.49）	15（0.56）	65（2.45）	105（3.95）	502
χ²值		72.867	1.530	23.352	198.141	1210.152	38.470	901.013
P值		<0.01	0.465	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01

组别	例数	IFV-A	IFV-B	RSV	ADV	MP	HRV	总计
儿童组	1 542	63（4.09）	1（0.06）	32（2.08）	120（7.78）	607（39.36）	132（8.56）	955
中青年组	2 200	163（7.41）	1（0.05）	23（1.05）	42（1.91）	189（8.59）	134（6.09）	552
老年组	2 657	304（11.44）	0	13（0.49）	15（0.56）	65（2.45）	105（3.95）	502
χ²值		72.867	1.530	23.352	198.141	1210.152	38.470	901.013
P值		<0.01	0.465	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01

季节	例数	IFV-A	IFV-B	RSV	ADV	MP	HRV	总计
春季	1 366	25（1.83）	1（0.07）	32（2.34）	46（3.37）	103（7.54）	90（6.59）	297
夏季	1 464	7（0.48）	1（0.07）	3（0.20）	37（2.53）	233（15.92）	72（4.92）	353
秋季	1 402	8（0.57）	0	2（0.14）	48（3.42）	329（23.47）	126（8.99）	513
冬季	2167	490（22.61）	0	31（1.43）	46（2.12）	196（9.04）	83（3.83）	846
χ²值		887.740	2.528	45.606	7.736	205.517	45.111	171.502
P值		<0.01	0.470	<0.01	0.052	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01