Abstract:

Objective To understand the basic sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and the overall control rates of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids among residents with diabetes in Henan Province, and to analyze the risk factors affecting health, thereby providing scientific evidence for the development of practical primary-level diabetes prevention and management strategies tailored to local conditions. Methods Using a cluster random sampling method, 64, 570 permanent residents with diabetes (defined as living in the area for more than 6 months) were selected from 18 prefecture-level cities and counties/districts in Henan Province. Relevant data were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, biochemical testing, and regular follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results Among residents with diabetes in Henan Province, females accounted for 60.3% and males for 39.7%. Individuals aged over 60 years accounted for 76.4%, with the 70-79-year age group representing the largest proportion (34.1%). The majority had an education level of junior high school or below (71.7%), and most were engaged in agriculture/forestry/animal husbandry/fishery/water conservancy production (43.7%). Hypertension was present in 60.4% of participants, and the blood pressure control rate (<130/80 mmHg) was 22.8%. The fasting blood glucose control rate (≤7.0 mmol/L) was 67.3%. The non-attainment rate of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (≥2.6 mmol/L) was 43.2%. Overweight and obesity together accounted for 49.7%, and renal impairment was found in 14.1%. A total of 77.7% of residents demonstrated good adherence to medical advice, and 82.1% took medications regularly. Conclusion Residents with diabetes in Henan Province are predominantly older adults, individuals with lower educational attainment, and those engaged in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, and water conservancy work. Problems such as a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, low lipid control rates, and renal impairment remain prominent. Therefore, targeted strengthening of primary diabetes prevention and management is needed.

Key words: diabetes, Henan Province, health status, prevention and control management